The short circuit test consists in measuring the input characteristics (quantities) of the transformer when the secondary side is shorted and the primary side is supplied with a suitable decreased voltage so that the current in the winding are equal to related current.The purpose of the test is to determined:
(1)The value of copper loss in the winding
(2)The value of short circuit voltage (Vsc) ,resistance (Ro1) and reactance (Xo1).
The instruments are arranged as for the circuit diagram and small voltage about 10% of the rotted value is supplied to primary side keeping the secondary side short circuited.Voltage is gradually increased till rotted current flow in winding which is recorded by ammeter.This value of voltage whose cause to flow rotted current in short circuited condition is called short circuited voltage (Vsc).
Watt meter reading gives the value of 'Cu' loss.Iron in this case is very much negligible (But value is same as in no-load) then Cu loss.Copper loss depend on current similarly iron loss depend on voltage therefore copper loss is negligible in no-load and iron loss is neglible in short circuit condition.
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